Pour celles et ceux qui ne comprennent pas pourquoi, voici un extrait de la pr\u00e9face admirable d’Amy Wilentz, tir\u00e9e d’un ouvrage intitul\u00e9 : Who Owns Haiti ? PEOPLE, POWER, AND SOVEREIGNTY, Edited by Robert Maguire and Scott Freeman, University Press of Florida, 2017.<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u00a0Examinons maintenant la dette que les r\u00e9volutionnaires ha\u00eftiens ont accept\u00e9 de payer \u00e0 la France apr\u00e8s avoir lib\u00e9r\u00e9 Ha\u00efti de ses ma\u00eetres fran\u00e7ais. Peu de temps apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9claration d’ind\u00e9pendance de Toussaint L’Ouverture et de Jean-Jacques Dessalines, des navires de guerre fran\u00e7ais sont descendus dans les eaux de Port-au-Prince et ont fait pression sur Ha\u00efti pour qu’il accepte de payer une \u00e9norme indemnit\u00e9 pour les biens fran\u00e7ais perdus pendant la r\u00e9volution en \u00e9change de la reconnaissance de la souverainet\u00e9 d’Ha\u00efti (\u00e9trange m\u00e9thode pour obtenir la reconnaissance de la souverainet\u00e9, celle-l\u00e0). Peu importe que les Ha\u00eftiens aient gagn\u00e9 la guerre.<\/p>\n
Le monde des n\u00e9gociations fond\u00e9es sur la race est en dents de scie. Les hommes blancs vaincus exigeaient des vainqueurs noirs qu’ils paient. Et les vainqueurs – ou du moins leur pr\u00e9sident, Jean-Pierre Boyer – ont accept\u00e9, engageant la jeune nation, \u00e2g\u00e9e d’une vingtaine d’ann\u00e9es seulement, \u00e0 effectuer des paiements qui paralyseraient l’\u00e9conomie ha\u00eftienne pour le si\u00e8cle \u00e0 venir et qui s’\u00e9l\u00e8vent \u00e0 environ 21 milliards de dollars en dollars d’aujourd’hui.<\/p>\n
Et quelle \u00e9tait cette dette d’Ha\u00efti envers la France et les anciens planteurs fran\u00e7ais esclavagistes ? Qu’est-ce que les Ha\u00eftiens avaient exactement pris \u00e0 la patrie ? Les planteurs ont fait valoir qu’ils avaient besoin d’une compensation pour les biens qu’ils avaient perdus pendant la r\u00e9volution, \u00e0 savoir leurs plantations, leurs grandes maisons, leurs produits et, ce qui n’est pas le moins important, leurs esclaves. En d’autres termes, pendant plus de 100 ans apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution, des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d’Ha\u00eftiens ont pay\u00e9 aux Fran\u00e7ais le droit de s’approprier leur corps. Ils ont tardivement pay\u00e9 leur servitude, pay\u00e9 leur libert\u00e9 apr\u00e8s que leurs camarades soient morts en grand nombre pour l’obtenir.<\/p>\n
Essayez d’imaginer cela non pas \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle nationale, mais \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle individuelle. Vous \u00eates encha\u00een\u00e9 et votre ge\u00f4lier vous garde, vous nourrit, vous garde \u00e0 l’abri du toit de la prison, vous oblige \u00e0 travailler durement pour son profit. Vous lui appartenez. Un jour, vous vous lib\u00e9rez. Tu t’en vas et tu t’installes sur un minuscule terrain de la prison que tu squattes, aux yeux de ton ge\u00f4lier. Quelque temps plus tard, comme s’il sortait des pages de La Case de l’oncle Tom, votre Simon Legree arrive sur le pas de la porte et vous dit que vous lui devez, disons, 200 000 dollars pour vous \u00eatre vol\u00e9 \u00e0 lui.<\/p>\n
Vous \u00eates outr\u00e9. \u00c0 qui appartenez-vous ? Certainement \u00e0 vous-m\u00eame. Mais pas du point de vue de votre propri\u00e9taire. Il refuse de reconna\u00eetre qu’en vous \u00e9vadant de la prison et en vous installant \u00e0 votre compte, vous avez remis en cause toute sa culture \u00e9conomique. Il exige que vous vous comportiez selon l’ancien syst\u00e8me. D’une main, il brandit une arme avec laquelle il tient toute votre famille en otage jusqu’\u00e0 ce que vous acceptiez ses conditions. Et vous finissez par le faire, et vous finissez par le payer pour le reste de votre vie tandis que vos enfants et petits-enfants sont affam\u00e9s et pieds nus. C’est Ha\u00efti. C’est la France.<\/p>\n
En raison de ce remboursement de la dette, la France poss\u00e9dait toujours essentiellement Ha\u00efti (tout comme les banques am\u00e9ricaines et fran\u00e7aises qui ont pr\u00eat\u00e9 au Tr\u00e9sor ha\u00eftien les fonds n\u00e9cessaires au paiement) jusqu’en 1947, date \u00e0 laquelle la dette a finalement \u00e9t\u00e9 rembours\u00e9e. \u00c0 cette date, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’occupation d’Ha\u00efti par les marines am\u00e9ricains, la National City Bank of New York (le dernier pr\u00eateur pour les r\u00e9parations) avait pris possession, au moins au sens figur\u00e9, de terres ha\u00eftiennes de grande valeur et travaillait activement avec des hommes d’affaires ext\u00e9rieurs pour trouver des m\u00e9thodes d’exploitation d’Ha\u00efti.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
(NB : ne nous y trompons, le colonialisme, sous ses formes sans cesse r\u00e9invent\u00e9es, n’est pas une histoire pass\u00e9e. Il est le pr\u00e9sent, et il est inscrit plus que jamais dans l’agenda futur. Le racisme \u00e9clatant dont vient encore une fois de faire preuve le PDG de la France, qui visite en ce moment tout ce que le monde comporte de dirigeants criminels et sanguinaires – ce connard revient d’Argentine o\u00f9 il a fait le beau avec Milei -, est au c\u0153ur des politiques internationales. Mais ce n’est pas seulement lui : c’est nous, nous tous, qui avons b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de la dette pay\u00e9e par Ha\u00efti, et c’est nous encore qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficions de l\u2019exploitation coloniale et raciale du capitalisme global)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cette sortie ignoble de Macron envers les Ha\u00eftiens… Pour celles et ceux qui ne comprennent pas pourquoi, voici un extrait de la pr\u00e9face admirable d’Amy Wilentz, tir\u00e9e d’un ouvrage intitul\u00e9 : Who Owns Haiti ? PEOPLE, POWER, AND SOVEREIGNTY, Edited by Robert Maguire and Scott Freeman, University Press of Florida, 2017. (ma traduction) : \u00ab\u00a0Examinons…<\/p>\n Read More<\/span> Macron et Ha\u00efti : Adding insult to injury<\/span><\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"Layout":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["entry","author-danah","post-5697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-publications"],"yoast_head":"\nMacron et Ha\u00efti : Adding insult to injury - Outside Dana Hilliot<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/outsiderland.com\/danahilliot\/macron-et-haiti-adding-insult-to-injury\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Macron et Ha\u00efti : Adding insult to injury - Outside Dana Hilliot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cette sortie ignoble de Macron envers les Ha\u00eftiens… Pour celles et ceux qui ne comprennent pas pourquoi, voici un extrait de la pr\u00e9face admirable d’Amy Wilentz, tir\u00e9e d’un ouvrage intitul\u00e9 : Who Owns Haiti ? 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